JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1347670 Active (id: 1056844)
将棋盤
【しょうぎばん】

1.

[n]
▶ shogi board

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1347640 将棋【しょうぎ】 1. shogi; Japanese chess

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 11:36:20 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	agree
1.	A* 2011-01-23 06:13:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Don't like "Japanese chess".
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Japanese chessboard</gloss> -<gloss>board used for playing shogi</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1347640">将棋・しょうぎ</xref> +<gloss>shogi board</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1482420 Active (id: 2214161)
盤 [news1,nf21]
【ばん [news1,nf21] 】

1.

[n]
▶ board (in shogi, go, chess, etc.)

2.

[n]
▶ (phonograph) record
▶ disc
▶ disk

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857620 決定盤【けっていばん】 1. authoritative recording; definitive edition (of a record, CD, etc.)

3.

[n-suf]
▶ board
▶ panel
▶ plate

History:

5.	A 2022-11-24 05:52:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reindexed the sentence.
4.	A* 2022-11-23 23:56:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, prog
	Comments:	I don't think 盤 itself means clock face. Also, the usual term is 文字盤. The "tray" sense is archaic. I don't think it's needed. Daijr has two other archaic senses.
	Diff:	@@ -16,5 +16 @@ -<pos>&n-suf;</pos> -<gloss>disk</gloss> -<gloss>disc</gloss> -<gloss>record</gloss> -<gloss>clock face</gloss> +<gloss>board (in shogi, go, chess, etc.)</gloss> @@ -24,3 +20,3 @@ -<pos>&n-suf;</pos> -<gloss>tray</gloss> -<gloss>shallow bowl</gloss> +<gloss>(phonograph) record</gloss> +<gloss>disc</gloss> +<gloss>disk</gloss> @@ -29 +24,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -31,2 +26,3 @@ -<gloss>grid</gloss> -<gloss>board (e.g. in shogi)</gloss> +<gloss>board</gloss> +<gloss>panel</gloss> +<gloss>plate</gloss>
3.	A 2011-01-23 11:36:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-01-23 06:28:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	The JEs don't split into senses. Daijirin has 5. 時計盤 is indeed clock face. I'll add it.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>disk</gloss> +<gloss>disc</gloss> @@ -18,0 +20,1 @@ +<gloss>clock face</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 03:57:26 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've seen this as the word the dial or face of a watch, and I wasn't able to find another word in this dictionary with that meaning, so perhaps it can be added to this entry. There is also the combined version of 時計盤, which generates a lot of search engine hits.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1491430 Active (id: 1162857)
不可思議 [news2,nf38]
【ふかしぎ [news2,nf38] 】

1.

[adj-na,n] [yoji]
▶ mystery
▶ something inexplicable
▶ wonder
▶ miracle

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1492570 不思議 1. wonderful; marvelous; strange; incredible; amazing; curious; miraculous; mysterious

2.

[adj-na,n]
▶ unfathomable (of a Buddha's abilities)

3.

[num]
▶ 10^64 (or 10^80)

History:

5.	A 2014-08-25 02:43:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
4.	A 2012-11-13 00:27:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2012-11-08 13:52:10 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	I commented on another of these entries that I thought the " (or XX)" was confusing, but for now I'm adhering to that format
	Diff:	@@ -29,6 +29,2 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>10^64</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>10^80</gloss> +<pos>&num;</pos> +<gloss>10^64 (or 10^80)</gloss>
2.	A 2011-01-24 09:20:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 20:22:46
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/不可思議「不可思議（ふかしぎ）は漢字文化圏における数の単位の一つ。不可思議がいくつを示すかは時代や地域により異なり、また、現在でも人により解釈が分かれる。一般的には10^64を指すが、10^80とする人もいる。」
	Diff:	@@ -29,1 +29,4 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>10^64</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1554780 Active (id: 1056854)
領地 [spec2,news2,nf36]
【りょうち [spec2,news2,nf36] 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ territory
▶ dominion
▶ grounds (e.g. school)

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 18:53:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All the refs make it look territorial, but I'll accept those quotes.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<gloss>grounds (e.g. school)</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 18:40:33 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Although I believe this word often has more military or feudal overtones, it appears it can also be used for the "grounds" of a school or estate, as in 学校の領地. Here are a couple examples I found online: 今日も僕たちの学校の領地内で勝手に測量を始めたよ。月夜の晩、学校の領地全体に警報が鳴らされた。 Although "territory" covers the same idea, "grounds" is how I would more commonly expect to see it in English.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1567570 Active (id: 1056869)
揉み手；もみ手
【もみで】

1.

[n,vs]
▶ rubbing one's hands together

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-01-24 04:27:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 19:01:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See comment on 1567610.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1567610 Rejected (id: 1056858)
揉む [ichi1]
【もむ [ichi1] 】

1.

[v5m,vt]
▶ to rub
▶ to crumple (up)
▶ to wrinkle
▶ to massage
▶ to be troubled about
▶ to worry over
▶ to train
▶ to coach

Conjugations

History:

2.	R 2011-01-23 19:02:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Rejecting so I can action the other.
1.	A* 2011-01-23 18:53:00 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sorry, I forgot an important element of my last suggestion for this entry... You probably figured it out, but 揉み手する has a meaning like "To rub one's hands together".

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1567610 Active (id: 1976208)
揉む [ichi1]
【もむ [ichi1] 】

1.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
▶ to rub
▶ to crumple

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2821550 酢もみ【すもみ】 1. rubbing in a vinegar, etc. dressing
	⇐ see: 2821560 塩もみ【しおもみ】 1. sprinkling salt on a raw vegetable and rubbing it in

2.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
▶ to massage

3.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
▶ to argue
▶ to have a heated discussion

4.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
▶ to train
▶ to coach

5.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
▶ to jostle
▶ to crowd
▶ to shake
▶ to rock

6.

[v5m,vt] [uk]
《as もまれる》
▶ to have various experiences (out in the world)

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2018-04-07 17:57:22 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 examples use kana G n-grams: もむ 92196 揉む 79820 手をもむ 266 手を揉む 201
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -20,0 +22 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -25,0 +28 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -31,0 +35 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -37,0 +42 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -45,0 +51 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2014-06-02 11:30:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2014-06-02 10:46:12 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s, prog, 研究社新和英中辞典, Luminous
	Comments:	The "worry" sense in daijr/s and Luminous seems to only be 気をもむ, which already has its own entry.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,5 @@ -<gloss>to crumple (up)</gloss> -<gloss>to wrinkle</gloss> +<gloss>to crumple</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -19,2 +22,10 @@ -<gloss>to be troubled about</gloss> -<gloss>to worry over</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to argue</gloss> +<gloss>to have a heated discussion</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +35,14 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to jostle</gloss> +<gloss>to crowd</gloss> +<gloss>to shake</gloss> +<gloss>to rock</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<s_inf>as もまれる</s_inf> +<gloss>to have various experiences (out in the world)</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2011-01-23 19:03:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I have added vs.
1.	A* 2011-01-23 18:50:56 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I hope I haven't annoyed you with too many suggestions today, but I've run into another one -- 揉み手（もみて）-- which I've found as a する verb. Although it carries the same meaning as 手を揉む, and its meaning could be inferred from the existing entries for 手 and 揉む, it appears that it also exists as a verb/phrase of its own, which it might be useful to add as an entry.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1636900 Active (id: 1116909)
阿僧祇
【あそうぎ】

1.	[n] {Buddhism} Source lang: san "asamkhya" ▶ a number so great it can never be counted to
2.	[num] ▶ 10^56 (or 10^64)

History:

5.	A 2012-11-09 07:11:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-11-08 13:50:32 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,1 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&num;</pos>
3.	A 2011-01-26 07:45:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-01-25 21:24:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>10^56</gloss> +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<lsource xml:lang="san">asamkhya</lsource> +<gloss>a number so great it can never be counted to</gloss> @@ -16,6 +18,1 @@ -<gloss>10^64</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<lsource xml:lang="san">asamkhya</lsource> -<gloss>a number so great it can never be counted to</gloss> +<gloss>10^56 (or 10^64)</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 20:31:24
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/阿僧祇
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +<gloss>10^56</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1636910 Active (id: 1116947)
那由他；那由多
【なゆた】

1.	[n] {Buddhism} Source lang: san "nayuta" ▶ an extremely great number (often said to be 100 million)
2.	[num] ▶ 10^60 (or 10^72)

History:

5.	A 2012-11-09 22:04:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-11-08 13:50:52 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&num;</pos>
3.	A 2011-01-26 07:44:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-01-25 21:22:57 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>那由多</keb> @@ -12,1 +15,3 @@ -<gloss>10^60</gloss> +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<lsource xml:lang="san">nayuta</lsource> +<gloss>an extremely great number (often said to be 100 million)</gloss> @@ -16,6 +21,1 @@ -<gloss>10^72</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<lsource xml:lang="san">nayuta</lsource> -<gloss>any extremely great number</gloss> +<gloss>10^60 (or 10^72)</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 20:28:47
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/那由他
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +<gloss>10^60</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1636920 Active (id: 1116915)
無量大数
【むりょうたいすう】

1.

[num]
▶ 10^68 (or 10^88)

History:

4.	A 2012-11-09 07:15:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-11-08 13:53:35 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	I want to add unvigintillion/undecillion but I'm not sure, what with the "(or ...)" That could be an argument for keeping them as different senses, actually.
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,1 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&num;</pos>
2.	A 2011-01-25 21:18:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i think it's fine to merge these senses, as do japanese dictionaries
	Diff:	@@ -12,5 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>10^68</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>10^88</gloss> +<gloss>10^68 (or 10^88)</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 20:14:37
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/無量大数「無量大数がいくつを示すかは時代や地域により異なり、また、現在でも人により解釈が分かれる。一般的には10^68を指すが、10^88とする人もいる。」「日本では、『塵劫記』の寛永8年の版で無量大数として初めて登場する。この版では、載までを万進、極以上を万万進としたため、無量大数は不可思議（10^80）の万万倍で10^88となる。寛永11年版で万進に統一され、無量大数は不可思議（10^64）の万倍の10^68となった。ただし、今日でも寛永8年版を根拠に無量大数を10^88とする人もいる。」 http://homepage1.nifty.com/zpe60314/jinkoki2.htm
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +<gloss>10^68</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1750240 Active (id: 1160328)
青息吐息 [news2,nf36]
【あおいきといき [news2,nf36] 】

1.

[n] [yoji]
▶ deep distress

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2811750 青色吐息【あおいろといき】 1. deep distress

History:

3.	A 2014-08-25 01:02:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
2.	A 2011-01-23 00:46:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I have reported it. (You can do that using the "report" button on the page.
1.	A* 2011-01-22 18:33:09
	Comments:	The recorded reading for this jukugo says 'aoirotoiki' for some reason

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2012470 Active (id: 1056851)
塗りたくる
【ぬりたくる】

1.

[v5r,vt]
▶ to bedaub (with paint)
▶ to besmear
▶ to paint heavily
▶ to spread thickly

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 18:49:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 agrees.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>to spread thickly</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 18:24:01 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Another possibility for this word is "to spread" as in spreading jelly or butter on a piece of toast. I suppose "besmear" might cover that meaning, but I don't think I'd say that I was "besmearing butter on my toast" :-)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2136890 Active (id: 1979729)

とする [spec1]

1.

[exp,vs-i]
《after the volitional form of verb》
▶ to try to ...
▶ to be about to do ...

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1157170 為る【する】 17. to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
	⇐ see: 1008590 として 4. thinking that...; trying to...

2.

[exp,vs-i]
《after the dictionary form of verb》
▶ to decide to ...

3.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to take as
▶ to treat as
▶ to regard as

4.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to use for

5.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to suppose that (such) is the case
▶ to assume

6.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to decide that
▶ to think that

7.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to make into
▶ to change into

8.

[exp,vs-i]
▶ to feel (e.g. after sound symbolism or psychological experience word)
▶ to look
▶ to feel like

9.

[exp,vs-i]
《with を目的》
▶ to intend
▶ to have the intention

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2018-05-22 11:07:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Probably sense 3, but I think it's more "regard as".
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<gloss>to regard as</gloss>
8.	A* 2018-04-24 07:53:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It could be one of at least 3 senses. I think this entry is rather over-split. GG5 and Daijirin only have 3 senses. We have 800+ sentences using it, and I'd hate to re-index them.
7.	A* 2018-04-22 13:21:53
	Refs:	https://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20180422-00000012- kobenext-l28 神戸市教育委員会は２２日、「見つからない」としていた、自殺直後に生徒６人にヒアリングしたメモが、昨年８月下旬の時点で、すでに学校が保管していたと発表した。
	Comments:	It seems to mean "to claim" in the example above? Should it be added to [3] to take as; to treat as?
6.	A 2016-11-04 21:21:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2016-11-04 14:15:08 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 44568456
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2011-01-26 07:46:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2011-01-25 21:30:11 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -10,2 +10,9 @@ -<gloss>(after volitional form of verb) to try to (verb)</gloss> -<gloss>(after dictionary form) to (decide to) do</gloss> +<s_inf>after the volitional form of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to try to ...</gloss> +<gloss>to be about to do ...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&vs-i;</pos> +<s_inf>after the dictionary form of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to decide to ...</gloss>
2.	A* 2011-01-23 20:57:37
	Comments:	Hi, as I understand it, after the volitional form of a verb, とする (or at least the form としている) can also mean "be about to do something". If I'm correct, perhaps this meaning could be added?
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2147990 Active (id: 2147817)
背 [spec1] ；脊
【せ [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ back

2.

[n]
▶ reverse
▶ rear side
▶ back (e.g. of a chair)
▶ spine (of a book)

3.

[n]
▶ height
▶ stature

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1472650 背【せい】 1. height; stature

4.

[n]
▶ ridge (of a mountain)

History:

10.	A 2021-09-27 15:30:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's a separate sense in daijs, koj and nikk but I don't mind including it in sense 2.
9.	A 2021-09-27 07:37:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2021-09-27 01:15:40 Opencooper
	Refs:	wisdom, etc.
	Comments:	Not a separate sense in the refs. The JEs group it with "back of a chair".
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss> @@ -29,4 +29,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
7.	A 2021-09-26 10:36:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Indeed.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>back (e.g. of a chair)</gloss> @@ -27,0 +29,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
6.	A* 2021-09-25 09:03:28 Opencooper
	Refs:	meikyo; daijs
	Comments:	Unless I'm mistaken, this doesn't refer to the anatomic spine. Can be used for the spine of books, but that's not sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>spine</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2016-11-23 00:07:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-22 18:07:44 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>stature</gloss>
3.	A 2011-01-23 18:59:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's in Daijirin. I'll submit an entry.
2.	A* 2011-01-23 18:20:47 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've run across a word which is not in the dictionary. It is 背越し（せごし）, which seems to mean something like "the back" or "the back part", as in 「ソファの背越しに手を伸ばして華奢な手から白い小さな器具を取り上げる」, which I found at the web page http://park2.wakwak.com/~luce/tale/pierce.html A web search for 背越し generates a lot of results, so it seems to be a recognized word. I don't feel confident enough in my knowledge of this system to create a new entry, so I'm just suggesting it as a new entry. Thanks.
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609330 Active (id: 1983011)
周回遅れ
【しゅうかいおくれ】

1.	[n,adj-no] ▶ being one or more laps behind (in a race)
2.	[n,adj-no] ▶ being behind the times

History:

8.	A 2018-06-21 01:46:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2018-06-18 09:13:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>bring behind the times</gloss> +<gloss>being behind the times</gloss>
6.	A* 2018-06-17 18:30:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: ① 周回コースで行われる競走で，ある走者が，先頭の走者から一周以上遅れること。 ② 転じて，ある物事が時流の先端から著しく遅れてしまうこと。
	Comments:	At least one lap. Don't see the need for the x-ref. Sense 2 doesn't refer to a person.
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2609380">バックマーカー</xref> -<gloss>being a lap behind (e.g. motor sports)</gloss> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>being one or more laps behind (in a race)</gloss> @@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>someone who is very behind the times</gloss> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>bring behind the times</gloss>
5.	A 2011-01-23 04:32:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2011-01-23 02:56:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The WWW site quoted says: "バックマーカーとは周回遅れの車・ドライバーを指す。" So 周回遅れ is not "backmarker". I'll remove it, and add a バックマーカー entry.
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>backmarker</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="2609380">バックマーカー</xref>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2011-01-23 01:22:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	is 'backmarker' right? you could be at the rear of the field without having been lapped (or you could have been lapped without being at the rear of the field)
2.	A* 2011-01-23 00:57:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijirin, GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,6 @@ -<gloss>(In motorsports) a backmarker</gloss> +<gloss>backmarker</gloss> +<gloss>being a lap behind (e.g. motor sports)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>someone who is very behind the times</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-22 02:42:54 Matt <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://formula1-data.com/f1-database/f1-ha/back-marker.html

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609340 Active (id: 1056823)
無化
【むか】

1.

[n,vs]
▶ nullification
▶ annihilation

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 00:44:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>nullification, annihilation</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>nullification</gloss> +<gloss>annihilation</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-22 13:48:04 Charlie Fox <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609350 Active (id: 1056830)
船架
【せんか】

1.	[n] ▶ slipway
2.	[n] ▶ cradle used on a slipway for launch or repair of small ships

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 01:20:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 00:39:16 Jim Breen
	Refs:	GG5,ルミナス和英辞典, Koj, Daij

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609360 Active (id: 1056829)
話変わって
【はなしかわって】

1.

[exp]
▶ meanwhile
▶ in the meantime
▶ on the other hand

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2764200 所変わって【ところかわって】 1. meanwhile; in the meantime

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 01:19:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikk too
1.	A* 2011-01-23 00:52:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (under the はなし entry.
	Comments:	3M Googits.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609370 Active (id: 2273360)
転じて
【てんじて】

1.

[exp]
▶ by the way
▶ meanwhile
▶ on the other hand
▶ by extension

History:

4.	A 2023-07-24 11:54:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-07-24 00:07:24 Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://word-dictionary.jp/posts/2443
	Comments:	quoting the link in the reference "「転じて」という言葉は辞書に載っている以外に、「派生して・解釈を広げて考えて」といったニュアンスで使われることもあります。" - Examples of that usage can be found in daijisen in the entries for "融通", "主軸" etc.. When I encounter it my understanding is "by extension", but I'm not confident either so correct me if I'm wrong.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>by extension</gloss>
2.	A 2011-01-23 01:19:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 00:54:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Eijiro

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609380 Active (id: 1056837)

バックマーカー

1.

[n]
▶ backmarker (competitor at the tail of the field, likely to be lapped)

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 04:32:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 02:55:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.crash.net/f1/news/159639/1/mclaren_duo_warn_of_monaco_backmarker_disaster.html http://www.sportsdefinitions.com/stock-car-racing/Backmarker.html

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609390 Active (id: 1056841)
学級委員長
【がっきゅういいんちょう】

1.

[n]
▶ class president
▶ head class representative

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 06:31:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Eijiro
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Head class representative</gloss> +<gloss>class president</gloss> +<gloss>head class representative</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 04:21:36 Trevor <...address hidden...>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609400 Active (id: 1056847)
録音盤
【ろくおんばん】

1.

[n]
▶ record
▶ sound-recording

History:

2.	A 2011-01-23 11:37:14 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 06:27:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Kagaku jiten

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609410 Active (id: 1056867)
背越し
【せごし】

1.

[n]
▶ thinly slicing soft-boned fish for sashimi

History:

2.	A 2011-01-24 04:23:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 18:58:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijirin
	Comments:	Google images has many examples.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2609420 Active (id: 2278870)
お茶っ葉；御茶っ葉 [sK]
【おちゃっぱ】

1.

[n]
▶ tea leaves

History:

3.	A 2023-10-01 22:38:03 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2011-01-24 04:26:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>御茶っ葉</keb> @@ -12,1 +15,1 @@ -<gloss>Tea leaves</gloss> +<gloss>tea leaves</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-01-23 21:40:53 Rick Papo <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Found in Takemiya's Golden Time, page 62, in a joking reference to drinking ground tea rather than whole leaves. 「超簡単だし、おちゃっぱ丸ごと飲めるから身体にもいいらしいよ」
	Comments:	O-Cha (tea) + ppa (leaves, as suffix)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

30.	A 2023-10-03 11:56:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
29.	A* 2023-10-03 10:39:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think あ can be dropped. We don't have the archaic pronoun senses for か(彼), かの(彼) and かれ(彼). I don't think we need アレ in the readings field.
	Diff:	@@ -17,5 +16,0 @@ -<reb>あ</reb> -<re_restr>彼</re_restr> -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -23 +18 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -57 +52 @@ -<s_inf>esp. アレ</s_inf> +<s_inf>oft. written as アレ</s_inf> @@ -65 +60 @@ -<s_inf>esp. アレ</s_inf> +<s_inf>oft. written as アレ</s_inf>
28.	A 2023-10-01 22:38:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
27.	A* 2023-10-01 22:37:30 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	[uk] tag missing from the last two senses
	Diff:	@@ -55,0 +56 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -62,0 +64 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
26.	A 2022-07-23 11:39:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 25 older log entries)
25.	A* 2022-07-22 10:38:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -54,0 +55 @@ +<misc>&euph;</misc> @@ -60,0 +62 @@ +<misc>&euph;</misc>
24.	A 2021-12-22 20:42:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
23.	A* 2021-12-21 23:33:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	私のあれ 1020 私のアレ 1211 あれがこない 105 アレがこない 267 あれが遅れて No matches アレが遅れて 47
	Comments:	sinxe あ is ok, the restr are probably not really needed. candidate for to-be-implemented euph. tag?
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>アレ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -49 +52,0 @@ -<stagr>あれ</stagr> @@ -51,0 +55 @@ +<s_inf>esp. アレ</s_inf> @@ -55 +58,0 @@ -<stagr>あれ</stagr> @@ -57,0 +61 @@ +<s_inf>esp. アレ</s_inf>
22.	A 2021-12-02 00:23:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
21.	A* 2021-11-30 15:02:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hard to demonstrate w ngrams but will almost always be read かれ, I'd wager
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
20.	A 2020-12-06 01:46:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll do that.
	Diff:	@@ -59,8 +58,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>∫</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<s_inf>expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.</s_inf> -<gloss>hey</gloss> -<gloss>huh?</gloss> -<gloss>eh?</gloss>
19.	A* 2020-12-06 00:06:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	My suggestion about splitting out the int sense got buried in the edits. All the kokugos have a separate int entry. Do we want to do the same?
18.	A 2020-12-05 06:09:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Those euphemisms could possibly be consolidated into one sense, but hardly worth it.
17.	A* 2020-12-03 02:27:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mentioned in jawiki: 正式な医学用語は月経だが、生理（せいり）、女の子の日、メンス、アレなど様々な名称で呼ばれる。 ... 現代日本では、俗に「メンス」（英: menstruation, menses のカタカナ表記の省略形）、「アンネ」（生理用品のメーカー名より）[7]、「お弁当箱」（ナプキンが梱包されている形から）、「お客さん」（ナプキンを座布団に見立てて）、「つきのもの」「つきやく」「お月様」「セーラームーン」｛月経の周期が月の満ち欠け周期（29.5日）に近いことから｝、また隠語めいて「アレ」「めぐり」「女の子の日」「女盛りの日」「アノ日」と呼ぶことも口語ではありえる。 the "sailor moon" one is fun. Trying to find more examples, I googled 女性　アレ and got this: https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000057.00 0014982.html 女性がアレの最中に考えていることランキング3位は「早く終われ」！愛カツ（aikatu.jp）での調査結果 (here, it's sex) The results were kind of all over the place, so I'm not sure how widespread the period sense really is. I realized a lot of articles use "アレ" as clickbaity "this thing (will make her aroused!)" etc. In these cases, "that thing" is a better translation than just "that"
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<gloss>that thing</gloss>
16.	A* 2020-12-03 00:16:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	For これ and それ, we have the interjection sense as a separate entry (as in daijr/s). Suggesting we do the same with あれ. Where does the "period; menses" sense come from? Isn't it just an example of あれ being used to refer to something without using the word/name (like the "down there" sense)? The "over there" sense isn't archaic. Possiblt dated but prog has an example.
	Diff:	@@ -30,0 +31 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -36,2 +37,8 @@ -<misc>&arch;</misc> -<gloss>over there</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>then</gloss> +<gloss>that time</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>that place (over there)</gloss>
15.	A 2020-12-02 21:31:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22,3 +22,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1009290">何れ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1628530">此れ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1006970">其れ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1628530">これ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1006970">それ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1009290">どれ・1</xref>
14.	A 2020-12-01 22:45:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13.	A* 2020-12-01 18:27:49 Frazer Robinson
	Comments:	aligning
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28,2 @@ -<gloss>that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly)</gloss> +<s_inf>indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly</s_inf> +<gloss>that</gloss>
12.	A 2020-09-24 21:23:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2020-09-24 10:43:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	prog
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>彼れ</keb> @@ -13,0 +17 @@ +<re_restr>彼</re_restr> @@ -19 +22,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1628530">此れ・1</xref>
10.	A 2019-05-07 03:47:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes. The first three are.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&pn;</pos> @@ -25 +25 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&pn;</pos> @@ -30 +30 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&pn;</pos>
9.	A* 2019-05-04 12:39:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Already covered by sense 1. Just so that it's not missed (from my previous edit): should the first couple of senses not be pn?
	Diff:	@@ -55,5 +54,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time)</gloss> -</sense>
8.	A* 2019-05-04 10:04:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Shouldn't this (and これ、それ） be [pn]?　どれ is tagged as such.
7.	A 2018-11-22 00:28:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2018-11-21 14:16:38
	Diff:	@@ -26 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors)</gloss> +<s_inf>used to refer to one's equals or inferiors</s_inf> +<gloss>that person</gloss> @@ -49 +50,2 @@ -<gloss>hey (expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.)</gloss> +<s_inf>expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.</s_inf> +<gloss>hey</gloss>
5.	A 2012-12-25 23:12:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -49,1 +49,1 @@ -<gloss>hey (expression of surprise or suspicion, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>hey (expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.)</gloss>
4.	A* 2012-12-25 12:44:05 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -48,1 +48,3 @@ -<gloss>hey (expression of surprise or suspicion)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>hey (expression of surprise or suspicion, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>huh?</gloss> @@ -53,0 +55,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2011-01-23 11:35:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-01-23 11:03:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Must have fallen off 8-)}
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A 2010-09-02 06:22:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	tightening x-refs
	Diff:	@@ -18,3 +18,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1009290">何れ</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1628530">此れ</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1006970">其れ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1009290">何れ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1628530">此れ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1006970">其れ・1</xref>

Search \| Advanced Search \| New Entry \| Submissions \| Help	wsgi/DB=jmdict

If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries