<entry eid="2314076" stat="A" corpus="jmdict" type="jmdict">
<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
<ent_seq>1456360</ent_seq>
<k_ele>
<keb>読む</keb>
<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>news1</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>nf12</ke_pri>
</k_ele>
<k_ele>
<keb>讀む</keb>
<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
</k_ele>
<k_ele>
<keb>訓む</keb>
<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
</k_ele>
<r_ele>
<reb>よむ</reb>
<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
<re_pri>nf12</re_pri>
</r_ele>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<gloss>to read</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<gloss>to recite (e.g. a sutra)</gloss>
<gloss>to chant</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<gloss>to predict</gloss>
<gloss>to guess</gloss>
<gloss>to forecast</gloss>
<gloss>to read (someone's thoughts)</gloss>
<gloss>to see (e.g. into someone's heart)</gloss>
<gloss>to divine</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<gloss>to pronounce</gloss>
<gloss>to read (e.g. a kanji)</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<gloss>to decipher</gloss>
<gloss>to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.)</gloss>
<gloss>to tell (the time)</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<xref type="see" seq="1593810" xk="サバを読む">サバを読む</xref>
<s_inf>now mostly used in idioms</s_inf>
<gloss>to count</gloss>
<gloss>to estimate</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5m;</pos>
<pos>&vt;</pos>
<s_inf>also written as 訓む</s_inf>
<gloss>to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading</gloss>
</sense>
<history>
<audit time="2012-05-31 09:07:08" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Marcus</upd_name>
<upd_refs>daijr, 大阪弁普及会 (though daijr makes no mention of it being
dialectal)
should these two be merged into this one? 訓む, 詠む
daijr has no separate entry for 訓む (but a usage note for
one sense), but a separate entry for 詠む
daijs keep 読む and 詠む in one entry and has a usage note
for 訓む in it
nikkoku keeps 読・詠 together (and also has 詠, なが・む) but
from what I can tell, no entry for 訓む</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -21,0 +21,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to count</gloss>
+</sense></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2012-06-02 04:04:43" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i think they're better separate</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>gg5, meikyo</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -24,0 +24,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1593810">さばを読む</xref>
+<s_inf>now mostly used in idioms</s_inf></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2012-06-02 07:24:16" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-05-06 01:17:25" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Some refs break this into many senses - it's all a bit subtle. Where does 時間が読めない fit in, for example?</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>GG5, Daijr, ルミナス, etc.</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -27,0 +28,9 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to guess</gloss>
+<gloss>to predict</gloss>
+<gloss>to read (someone's thoughts)</gloss>
+<gloss>to see (e.g. into someone's heart)</gloss>
+<gloss>to divine</gloss>
+</sense></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-05-06 06:01:52" stat="A">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-09-01 16:06:50" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Added senses.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>daij, meikyo, gg5, prog</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -24,3 +24,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1593810">さばを読む</xref>
-<s_inf>now mostly used in idioms</s_inf>
-<gloss>to count</gloss>
+<gloss>to recite (e.g. a sutra)</gloss>
+<gloss>to chant</gloss>
@@ -30,0 +30 @@
+<gloss>to predict</gloss>
@@ -32 +32 @@
-<gloss>to predict</gloss>
+<gloss>to forecast</gloss>
@@ -35,0 +36,20 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to decipher</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1593810">さばを読む</xref>
+<s_inf>now mostly used in idioms</s_inf>
+<gloss>to count</gloss>
+<gloss>to estimate</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2256290">訓む</xref>
+<s_inf>also written as 訓む</s_inf>
+<gloss>to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-09-02 00:04:37" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2022-08-21 02:56:41" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Cuyler Otsuka</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>讀む</keb>
+<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2022-08-23 08:05:47" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_refs>読む 49258694 100.0%
讀む 9417 0.0%</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2023-10-08 02:39:18" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>Marcus</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>See sense 1 of 読み方 .</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -43,0 +44,6 @@
+<gloss>to pronounce</gloss>
+<gloss>to read (e.g. a kanji)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5m;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -57 +62,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2256290">訓む</xref></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2023-10-08 12:37:48" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Does this overlap with sense 7?</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2023-10-24 04:46:02" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>As suggested in 訓む (2256290) - now deleted.
I'll go along with those senses being different.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -11,0 +12,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>訓む</keb></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2024-01-23 01:58:32" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>stephen</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Stephen Kraus</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_refs>Prog has "tell time" and "read music" examples for the "decipher" sense ("特殊な記号などを…").</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -54,0 +55,2 @@
+<gloss>to tell (time)</gloss>
+<gloss>to read (music)</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2024-01-25 15:57:17" stat="A">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_refs>gg5, daij</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -55,2 +55,2 @@
-<gloss>to tell (time)</gloss>
-<gloss>to read (music)</gloss>
+<gloss>to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to tell (the time)</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2024-09-22 17:23:05" stat="A">
<upd_uid>stephen</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Stephen Kraus</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -61 +61 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1593810">さばを読む</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1593810">サバを読む</xref></upd_diff>
</audit>
</history>
</entry>
Notes
- Click on the entry seq# to see all versions of the entry.
- ⇒,⇔,⇐ Denote cross references (xrefs). ⇒ shows an xref from this entry sense to some other entry. ⇐ shows an xref on some other entry that points to this one; to change, edit the other entry. ⇔ indicates two xrefs, one in each direction.
- Cross references marked with an asterisk (*) after the seq# denote a reference to an unapproved entry. These will disappear when the unapproved entry is approved.